Scotland took approximately the upper third of the island of Great Britain, northwest of the European continent.
Altogether, it encompasses 78,772 square kilometers. [15] The only border in mainland Scotland is the one that unites the south England, which measures about 96 km between the Tweed River on the east coast and the Fjord Solway in the west.
The Atlantic Ocean around the north and west of Scotland, while the east is the North Sea. Ireland is just 30 km from the Kintyre Peninsula, while Norway is at 400 km northeast, the Faroe Islands to 310 Iceland km and a 798 km north-west.
The geographic center of Scotland, traditionally, is a few kilometers from Newtonmore, in Badenoch, north of the most populated areas, but there are various opinions on the subject, depending on the mode used for the measurements, or if they are taken into consideration or not the Scottish islands.
The current territorial extension of Scotland is very similar to that established in the Treaty of York in 1237 between England and Scotland [16] and in the Treaty of Perth in 1266 between Scotland and Norway [17] There are a few exceptions: the Isle of Man, formerly territory Scots, is now a British Crown Dependency, the Orkney and Shetland islands were acquired from Norway in the fifteenth century, [18] while Rockall, a small rocky islet in the Atlantic, was annexed to the first UK Scotland and later by the Act of Rockall Island of 1972. [19] [20] However, the legality of the annexation has been called into question by Ireland, Denmark and Iceland, and probably has no impact on the international law.
The mountainous terrain map of Scotland
